Litterfall was greatest in the lowland rainforest 17283 g m. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of eucalyptus leaves on litterfall and terrestrial and aquatic leaf decomposition in a riparian forest in sao paulo state, brazil. Litterfall and organic matter decomposition in a seasonal forest of. Canopy soils, litterfall and litter decomposition in a. Litterfall and decomposition as well as seasonal changes of bioelements in four species of chaquenian forests have been recently studied palma et al. Chapter methods for estimating litter decomposition. To explore the importance of 12 elements in litter production and decomposition, we fertilized 36 1600 m 2. Regardless of the underlying mechanisms, periodic measurements of litterfall and litter decomposition with standard techniques will provide much needed information on c and nutrient cycling in forests. Litterfall and decomposition rates of the organic matter that comprise forest fuels are important to fire management, because they define fuel treatment longevity and provide parameters to design, test, and validate ecosystem models. Annual litterfall varied from 1220 kg ha1 in the s. B, ca, cu, fe, mg, mn, mo, s, zn for 6 years in a lowland panamanian forest. Rocky mountain research station fort collins, colo.
Pdf litter fall and decomposition in primary, secondary and. We analyzed the litterfall production, its seasonality, patterns and. The decomposition percentage at different times was also determined by the following equation. Decomposition bags were measured for 15 leaf types or mixes with a mean loss rate of 90% per year. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the averages were grouped by the scottknott criterion, at 5% of probability, using the statistical software r, r development core team, 2012. Litterfall, decomposition and nutrient dynamics in traditional agro forestry systems of northeast india article pdf available in international journal of ecology and environmental sciences. The total production was not uniformly distributed throughout the year f. Litterfall samples were pooled from 10 litterfall traps and then dried and the leaf component isolated. Annual mean litterfall production in tropical seasonal foresttsf9.
Although forest plant community composition and plant life form dominance changed during succession, litter chemistry as evaluated by. Decomposition of foliage, twigs, branches, and large branches were measured using litter bags installed on five of the seven sites. Most detritus, whether from litterfall or root turnover, is delivered to the upper layers of the soil where it is subject to the decomposition by microfauna, bacteria, and fungi swift et al. Litterfall rates recovered rapidly during early secondary succession and averaged 10. Annual litterfall biomass and nutrient masses returning to the forest floor are estimated.
Decomposition of biomass varied with time in both the plantations. The aim was to follow the decomposition of this peak litterfall event to understand decomposition relative to the site. Litterfall, decomposition, and nitrogen and phosphorus. Litterfall seasonal phenology, floodplain forest, litter input, organic matter, populus, tamarix. Pdf litterfall and decomposition of rhizophora mangle l. Litterfall production, decomposition and nutrient use. Litter fall and leaf decomposition in a tropical forest. Annual leaf litterfall, leaf litter layer mass and leaf litter decomposition, measured as leaf litter mass loss, were not significantly. Table 1 annual litterfall in biosphere 2 from october 1992 to september 1993 name of area number of replicates litterfall av. Litterfall and decomposition in relation to soil carbon pools along a secondary forest chr litterfall and decomposition in relation to soil carbon pools along a secondary forest chronosequence in puerto rico.
Use of the framework species method to restore carbon. Leaf tissue can account for more than 70% of above. Litterfall, litter quality and decomposition changes with. The litterfall of australian tropical rainforests in queensland was estimated as 9. A crucial open question for the sustainability of mountain forests is how climate change will affect this and other carbon fluxes eg photosynthesis and respiration. Cacao agroforestry is a traditional form of agriculture practiced by the people of central sulawesi. Biomass, litterfall and decomposition rates for the fringed.
Litterfall production and litter decomposition are the principal factors for controlling the functions of mangroves to store and cycle carbon and nutrients within the ecosystem. Pdf rates of litter decomposition and nutrient release from litter provide valuable information on the capacity of different tree species to. Litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient release patterns in four native tree species raised on coal mine spoil at sugrauli, india. The quantity and nutrient content of aspen populus tremuloides michx. Nutrient fluxes in litterfall and decomposition in four. Highest decomposition was recorded shelterbelt than neem block plantation. Latitude also has a strong effect on litterfall rates and thickness. Most detritus, whether from litterfall or root turnover, is delivered to the upper layers of the soil where it is subject to the decomposition by microfauna, bacteria, and fungi swift et. This study evaluated the decomposition process of leaf litter from the main brazilian mangrove species avicennia schaueriana, laguncularia racemosa and rhizophora mangle. Canopy soils, litterfall and litter decomposition in a coastal oldgrowth temperate rainforest, washington camila tejo a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy university of washington 20 reading committee. This study demonstrated that the disturbance intensity caused by pine wilt disease greatly altered the quality and quantity of carbon c and nitrogen n in litterfall components and. Annual deposition fluxes of total mercury thg and methylmercury mehg via litterfall were 40. Pdf leaf litter decomposition, litterfall, and effects of leaf. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the averages were grouped by the scottknott criterion, at 5% of probability, using the statistical.
Surface fuel litterfall and decomposition in the northern. Pdf litterfall, decomposition and nutrient dynamics in. The litterfall biomass was the most influential factor resulting in the higher mercury input in the broad. Juman institute of marine affairs, hilltop lane, chaguaramas, trinidad and tobago. Nitrogen was immobilized in litter at all sites during the 1st year of decay. Litterfall data were obtained for laves, stems, flowers, acornsind miscellaneous debris in the hardwood watershed and for needltk, stems, and cones in the white pine watershed. Litterfall, leaf litter decomposition and n and p release were studied in four tree species dalbergia sissoo, azadirachta indica, pongamia pinnata and shorea robusta planted on a mine spoil habitat. Similar studies have never been conducted in the other three rainforest formations further. Thus, litterfall and litter decomposition processes in pine wilt disease stands needs to be examined across. Exotic species in riparian environments can influence the quantity and quality of litterfall in the ecological system. The 90% of litter falling as leaves and twigs failed to increase with fertilization, but reproductive litter fruits and flowers increased by 43%. Pdf litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient release.
Litterfall, decomposition and nutrient dynamics in. The halflife of litterfall decomposition was estimated by the equation of shanks and olson 1961. Biophysical controls on surface fuel litterfall and. Litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient release.
Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates. Litterfall production, litter decomposition and nutrient released were influenced by land use change from natural forest into cacao agroforestry. The 90% of litter falling as leaves and twigs failed to increase with fertilization, but. Pdf litterfall and litter decomposition in pinus and. Shifts in plant species composition and biomass allocation may lead to a corresponding change in litter chemical and phys ical characteristics. Litterfall and decomposition of rhizophora mangle l.
Litterfall, litter layer and leaf decomposition in eucalyptus. Litterfall and decomposition dynamics were examined for 2 years in a slash pine pinus elliottii plantation age sequence 336 years old on a sandy soil in northern florida. Litter fall in terrestrial ecosystems signifies a crucial pathway for nutrient return to the soil. There is a flat plain consisting of a and lacustrine sediments. Seasonality of litterfall and leaf decomposition in a cerrado.
Seasonal patterns of litterfall in the floodplain forest of a large. Investigating the rate of litterfall and decomposition in. The mangrove forest that fringes the bon accord lagoon measures 0. Average total litterfall after canopy closure for five stands 1535 years old was 4,993 kgha1 yr1.
Litterfall and litter decomposition in pinus and native forests article pdf available in floresta e ambiente 262 may 2019 with 80 reads how we measure reads. Decomposition rates were lowest in the desert region. Carbon and nitrogen responses in litterfall and litter. Rates of decomposition of koa, ohia, and banana poka leaf litter are estimated. Measured litterfall and decomposition rates were correlated with major environmental and vegetation variables using regression analysis. Deposition and fate of mercury in litterfall, litter, and. Specifically, litterfall declines with increasing latitude. Darlene zabowski, chair nalini nadkarni, cochair robert edmonds. Leaf litterfall and decomposition of polylepis reticulata in.
Leaf litterfall and decomposition of polylepis reticulata, an endemic species of the andes, were analyzed during a period of 1 year at 6 experimental plots. Abstract litterfall production, decomposition and nutrient use efficiency in three different tropical forest ecosystems in sw china were studied for 10 years. Biomass, litterfall and decomposition rates for the fringed rhizophora mangle forest lining the bon accord lagoon, tobago rahanna a. Multiple nutrients limit litterfall and decomposition in a tropical forest. Litterfall and decomposition in relation to soil carbon. Abstract the amount and pattern of litterfall, its nutrient return, initial chemistry of leaf litter, and dynamics of n, p and k associated with leaflitter decomposition.
Pdf litter fall and leaf decomposition represent important functional processes, yet we have a limited understanding of these processes in. Correlations between decomposition and concentrations of n, p, k, ca, and mg in residual material for each type of litter are examined. Leaflitter decomposition of the mangrove species avicennia. Litterfall and decomposition in relation to soil carbon pools. Use of the framework species method to restore carbon flow. A total of 40 plots, 10 m x 10 m plots were randomly marked for monthly monitoring of litterfall, litter layer and leaf decomposition along 12. Leaf litterfall contributes significantly to carbon fluxes in forests.
Thus, both litterfall nutrient transfers and decomposition rates were under the control of soil nutrient levels. A twoyear study on leaf litter decomposition and litter invertebrates was carried out in a primary 4 ha 4 x 10 4 m 2 and logged dipterocarp forest plot 2. The dynamics of rhizophora mangle litter production and decomposition were studied in a tropical coastal lagoon on the gulf of mexico in veracruz, mexico over a year october 2002october 2003. Tropical fast growing tree plantation, n 2fixing tree, nutrient releases, nutrient uptake efficiency, seasonality of nutrient cycling introduction litterfall is a major pathway of nutrient input from trees to the forest floor, and litter decomposition releases. Don stands and were correlated with the vegetation characteristics of leaf area index, basal area, and tree height r 0. Litterfall and decomposition rates in biosphere 2 terrestrial. Multiple nutrients limit litterfall and decomposition in a. Nutrient dynamics via litterfall and litter decomposition on.
In tropical rainforests, there is a thin litter layer due to the rapid decomposition, while in boreal forests, the rate of decomposition is slower and leads to the accumulation of a thick litter layer, also known as a mor. Senescent leaves were collected, dried and placed in nylon bags with different mesh sizes fine. Changes in decomposition rate and litterfall in riparian. Nutrient turnover through litter was in the order of ca n k mg na p fe zn cu cr in all ages. Litterfall production and leaflitter decomposition at. Surface fuel deposition and decomposition rates are important to fire management and research because they can define the longevity of fuel treatments in time and space and they can be used to. Decomposition rate was higher during the rainy season. Pdf litterfall production, decomposition and nutrient. Litterfall production and litter decomposition are the principal factors for controlling the functions of mangroves to store and cycle carbon and. Tropical fast growing tree plantation, n 2fixing tree, nutrient releases, nutrient uptake efficiency, seasonality of nutrient cycling introduction litterfall is a major pathway of nutrient input from trees to the forest floor, and litter decomposition releases most nutrients into the mineral soil.
Forest disturbance by insects or disease can have a significant influence on nutrient return by litterfall and decomposition, but information regarding disturbance gradients is scarce. Quantity, decomposition, and nutrient dynamics of aspen. Laclau3 introduction litterfall serves three main functions in the ecosystem. Litterfall, forestfloor litter biomass and nutrients, shortterm litter decomposition and the effects of leaf mulches on initial growth of maize were studied for four indigenous tree species with agroforestry potential.
Production and decomposition of forest litter fall on the apalachicola. Pflt70jction, decomposition, and c,cling in a mixed. Quantification of litter fall and decomposition rate in shelterbelt and. Nov 16, 2007 to explore the importance of 12 elements in litter production and decomposition, we fertilized 36 1600 m 2. Surface fuel litterfall and decomposition in the northern rocky mountains, u. Litterfall, nutrient return, and leaflitter decomposition in four. Litterfa11, litter quality and decomposition changes with eucalypt hybrids and plantation age f.
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